What are heavy oils used for?

While light oils primarily used to create fuels such as gasoline, diesel and aviation fuels, heavy crudes (which also yield these transportation fuels) also provide feedstock for plastics, petrochemicals, other fuels and road surfacing.

Why do ships use heavy fuel oil?

Sludge formation: A ship needs to carry heavy fuel oil in abundance to ensure a continuous supply of fuel to engines and boilers during the long voyage. The heavy fuel oil is stored in the ship’s bunker tanks.

What is the difference between heavy fuel oil and diesel?

Unlike heavy fuel oil (HFO), marine diesel oil does not have to be heated during storage. Marine diesel oil is sometimes also used synonymously with the term “intermediate fuel oil” (IFO). In the strict sense, the term marine diesel oil mainly refers to blends with a very small proportion of heavy fuel oil.

What is the difference between light fuel oil and heavy fuel oil?

Light heating oil is mainly consumed by households and commerce, but also by industry. A small proportion is used for electricity, district heating and gas generation. Heavy fuel oil* is primarily used in the chemicals industry, but also, for example, to a smaller degree in the iron, steel and electricity industry.

Why is heavy fuel oil bad?

Heavy Fuel Oil is highly concentrated in sulfur (35,000 parts per million). This means global shipping accounts for 8% of global emissions of sulfur dioxide emissions (SO2), which is highly acidic when mixed with water making shipping a major contributor toward acid rain and other respiratory diseases.

Why is heavy oil more expensive?

Heavy crude oil is also known as “tar sands” because of its high bitumen content. With simple distillation, heavier crude oil produces more lower-valued products, compared to the simple distillation of light crude. Heavy crude oil requires extra refining to produce more valuable and in-demand products.

What type of fuel is heavy oil?

Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) is a category of fuel oils of a tar-like consistency. Also known as bunker fuel, or residual fuel oil, HFO is the result or remnant from the distillation and cracking process of petroleum.

How much heavy fuel oil is produced from a barrel of oil?

Petroleum refineries in the United States produce about 19 to 20 gallons of motor gasoline and 11 to 12 gallons of ultra-low sulfur distillate fuel oil (most of which is sold as diesel fuel and in several states as heating oil) from one 42-gallon barrel of crude oil.

What kind of fuel do big ships use?

Large commercial vessels, such as cargo ships, generally operate on HFO while smaller ships, such as tugs and fishing vessels, tend to operate on distillate fuels, such as marine diesel oil (MDO), marine gas oil (MGO), or even ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel (ULSD).

What are the 3 types of fuel?

There are three types of fossil fuels which can all be used for energy provision; coal, oil and natural gas.

Is gas oil red diesel?

Red diesel (also known as gas oil, tractor diesel, cherry red, generator diesel and agricultural diesel) is a low-tax and therefore low -cost fuel that is widely used to operate registered off-road vehicles and machinery.

What is HFO heavy fuel oil and diesel oil?

The generic term heavy fuel oil (HFO) describes fuels used to generate motion and/or fuels to generate heat that have a particularly high viscosity and density. The resulting blends are also referred to as intermediate fuel oils (IFO) or marine diesel oil.

What is the pour point of fuel oil?

Pour point of fuel oil is the Temperature at which it solidifies or congeals. Pour Point is the temperature at which a liquid becomes semisolid and loses its flowing characteristics. As the paraffin content is high in crude oil, thus it has a high Pour Point.

What is Number 2 fuel oil?

2 oil. Diesel fuel is a combination of primarily C10 to C19 hydrocarbon molecules. These molecules consist of around 64 percent aliphatic molecules, 35 percent aromatics, and about 2 percent alkene molecules.

What is details in fuel oil treatment?

Details of fuel oil treatment: The refining process for crude oil separates by heating and distillation the various fractions of the oil. Paraffin fuel would be used in gas turbine plants, gas oil in high- and medium-speed diesel engines and crude oils in slow-speed and some medium-speed diesels.